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INTRODUCTION
The task of getting results through others by coordinating their
efforts is known as management. Just as the mind coordinates and regulates all
the activities of a person, management coordinates and regulates the activities
of various members of an organization.
DEFINITION
✅The process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling an
organization’s financial, physical, human, and information resources to achieve
its goals.
✅Management is the coordination of all resources through the
process of planning, organizing, directing and controlling in order to attain
stated objectives.
✅Management is the creation and maintenance of an internal
environment in an enterprise where individuals, working in groups, can perform
efficiently and effectively towards the attainment of group goals.
✅Management is guiding human and physical resources into dynamic organisational units which attain their objectives to the satisfaction of those served and with a high degree of morale and sense of attainment on the part of those rendering service.
OBJECTIVES
✅Organisational objectives: Management is
expected to work for the achievement of the objectives of the particular organization
in which it exists.
✅Personal objectives: An organisation
consists of several persons who have their own objectives.
✅Social objectives: Management is not only
a representative of the owners and workers, but is also responsible to the
various groups outside the organisation.
MANAGERIAL SKILLS
Conceptual skills
Conceptual skill is the ability to see the
organization as a total entity. It includes recognizing how the various units
of the organization depend on one another and how changes in any one part
affect all the others. It also includes visualzing the relationship of the
individual business to the industry; the community; and the political, social,
and economic forces of the nation as a whole. For top-level management,
conceptual skill is a priority because executive managers have the most contact
with the outside world.
Interpersonal skills
Interpersonal (or human relations) skill is
a manager’s ability to work effectively as a team member and to build
cooperative effort in the unit. Interpersonal skills are more important than
technical skills in getting to the top. Communication skills are an important
component of interpersonal skills. They form the basis for sending and
receiving messages on the job.
Technical skills
Technical skill involves an understanding
of and proficiency in a specific activity that involves methods, processes,
procedures, or techniques. Technical skills include the ability to prepare a
budget, lay out a production schedule, program a computer, or demonstrate a
piece of electronic equipment.
Political skills
An important part of being effective is
being able to get your share of power and prevent others from taking power away
from you. Political skill is the ability to acquire the power necessary to
reach objectives. Other political skills include establishing the right
connections and impressing the right people.
Political skill should be regarded as a
supplement to job competence and the other basic skills. Managers who
overemphasize political skill at the expense of doing work of substance focus
too much on pleasing company insiders and advancing their own careers. Too much
time invested in office politics takes time away from dealing with customer
problems and improving productivity.
Diagnostic skills
Managers are frequently called on to
investigate a problem and then to decide on and implement a remedy. Diagnostic
skill often requires other skills, because managers need to use technical,
human, conceptual, or political skills to solve the problems they diagnose.
Much of the potential excitement in a manager’s job centers on getting to the
root of problems and recommending solutions.
REF
👉M.SAKTHIVEL MURUGAN, Management
principles and practices.
👉A.DUBRIN, Essentials of
management.
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