INTRODUCTION
Leadership is an important element in the process of directing. It
is a universal phenomenon found it every group of people. The leader is a
person who influences the attitudes and behaviour of others in group activity.
A leader guides and directs other people towards the achievement of group
objectives. He creates and sustains enthusiasm among them and give their
efforts a purpose.
DEFINITION
1. Leadership is
the process of influencing the behaviour and work of other’s in group effort
towards the realisation of specified goals in a given situation.
2.Leadership is
the ability to persuade others to seek defined objectives enthusiastically. It
is the human factor which binds a group together and motivates it towards
goals.
3. Leadership is the process of
influence on a group in a specific set of circumstances that stimulates people
to strive willingly to atttain organisational objectives, giving them the
experience of helping to attain the common objectives and satisfaction with the
type of leadership provided.
FUNCTIONS OF LEADERSHIP
* Developing team work.
* Representing the team.
* Counselling the team.
* Using proper power.
* Securing group effectiveness.
IMPORTNACE OF LEADERSHIP
* Providing inspiration.
* Securing cooperation.
* Creation of confidence.
* Providing donductive environment.
* Implementing change.
* Maintining discipline among members.
* Representing the members.
* Goal setting.
LEADERSHIP SKILLS
* Visionary
skills.
* Communication
skills.
* Sensitivity skills.
* Self-awareness skills.
QUALITIES OF A GOOD LEADER
* Intelligence.
* Physical features.
* Maturity.
* Vision and foresight.
* Inner motivation.
* Sense of responsability.
* Empathy.
* Human relations attitude.
* Emotional balance.
LEADERSHIP STYLE
AUTOCRATIC OR AUTHORITARIEN LEADERSHIP
The leader centralises power and decision making in
himself/herself. The leader commands complete control over the subordinates who
are compelled to obey the orders. The subordinates have no opportunity to make
suggestions or take part in decision-making function. The autocratic leader
have little concern for the well-being of employees. In- turn, employees have a
tendency to avoid responsability and try to work as little as possible.
DEMOCRATIC OR PARTICIPATIVE LEADERSHIP
The leader takes decision in consultation with the subordinates. In
other words, the subordinates participate in decision making function.
Participation in decision making enables subordinates to satisfy their social
and ego needs.
LAISSEZ-FAIRE OR FREE REIN LEADERSHIP
This type of leadership allows group to establish its own goals and work
out its own problems. The entire decision making power is entrusted to
subordinates and leader do not direct them. This is also known as permissive
style of leadership where there is least intervention by the leader, abdiction
of authority and letting the group to operate entirely on its own. The leader
is passive observe and he intervenes only during crisis.
REF
M.SAKTHIVEL MURUGAN, Management principles and practices.
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